Heating system



Nov. 13, 1928.

F. J. FRENZ HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 20, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 F. J.FRENZ HEATING SYSTEM Nov. 13, 1928.

llurmw Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,435 l F. J. FRENZ HEATING SYSTEM 5sheets-sheet 3 IFiled Aug. 20, 1924 F l 25M i i i l I A l f 691g- "ng:"EL, I; M l' f 9---5 if 'l LQJ'Jux K dfwmfa.

Nov. 13, 1928.

F. J. FRENZ HEATING SYSTEM 5 Sheets-Smelt 4- Filed Aug. 20, 1924 Nov.13, 1928.

F. J. FRENZ HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. zo, 1924 5 sheets-sheet 5 MQW flill YPatented Nov. 13, 1928.

FREDERICK J. FRENZ, or AVALON, PENNSYLVANIA* HEA'rIG SYSTEM.

Applicationv fried August' 2o, 1924. 'sfefriai No; 'zsjoesl Thisinvention relates to heating systems, and has for an object theprovision "of a heating furnace Aor boiler p'articiilarlyof the 'hotwater type-Which is simple in construction, easy to manufacture andeflicient in operation. Y

Another object of the invention is to provide a furnace with meansbetween the fire box and thev heating chamber for automati callyregulating the size of the passageway connecting them. e

Another objectof the invention ls'to prog vide a Water cooled draftregulator for a heating;4 furnace or'boiler.

Another object of the invention is to provideY alieating furnace orboiler with means for admitting air to the lirel box radjacent thepassageway between the lire box and the heating chamber whereby thegases from' the burning fuel and the air are properly mixed to produce acombustible inizi` .are `which will ignite in the lire box and pass into'the heat ing' chamber in the form of a'fiame thns'utiey lining' thesegases to producejheat, which gases would ordinarily pass'i'ntov theheating chamber 'in'y the form of smolie with the consequent 'loss ofheat, objectionable soot and otherdeposits ont-he fluid conductingtu'besWithin the heating chamber.

, A further object of the invention Yis toA provide a heating furnaceorboiler'having an air duct for conducting heated a'ii" from the ash pitto the tireboxy above the fuel.

A still further object ofthe invention is to provide a heat-ing furnaceor boiler with an automati ally movable fire control means and an aircontrolling. means Whichis automatically operated by the fire 'control'means. f

Heretofore smokeless furnaces or boilers have been constructed andinstalled to meet the requirements of the lmost sever'eseasonal demandsand are consequently operating in either a greatly cho-hed manner' over'the major part of theheating season or else the furnace isalways'operating at its maxiin nnwvhet-her necessary or not, in either'case there is a great loss offuel and poor combus-y tioinr which wouldproduce' a greatainount of objectionable sin'olie, and another object ofthe invention is to provide a furnace with means whereby th'e 'air fedto the fuel b'edis aut-oinaticallyv controlled by the heat of the fire,thus providing a furnacewhich Will automatically adjust itself to meetthe seasonal demands Witho'utsacriiici'ng the 'sinoke less feature andecoiioinic'aliand'efficient operation of the furnace. y

Y These and other objects will be apparent from'the folloivingdescription Referring to' the drawings in which like referencecharacter'srefer to llike parts,V Fig. 1 is a sectional v'ievof afurnace 'embodying my invention, Figs. 2,' 3 and 4 are front, back andside elevational'views respectively ofthe sam'e; Fig. 5 is a'fragment'al sectional View'7 taken on the line 5 5 of Figli;- Fig. 6 isan enlarged detail sectional view ofa portion of the furnaceillustrating' a'v modification ofthe lire control member ig.` Tf-is asectional View of the same" taken'on the line 7-7 of Fig.v 6A.

y Referring now in detaily to thedraivings the reference character 1indicates thelheatingl furnace which, as illustrated in the dra'wvings,is preferably ofthe boiler or hotwvater type and having a Hr-e b'o'x '2,an ash pit 3 and a'heating chamber 4,' there being `the Ausualv gratebars` between the ash pitand'the fire b'oX and there also Ibeing acro'wnsheet 6 betiw'feeiiy the 'fire box vand the heating chamber;

i. The loifer portion of the furnace in which the lirebox, ash pit4 anda portion ofthe heating ychamber is formed, preferably comprises members7 andS'. Each ofzthese members has a Wall 9 which forins one of thesidewalls ofthe lower portion ofthe furnace vand vert-iclally ldisposedWalls 10 and 1l which form a part ofthe front and back Wallsvrespectively -of the loiver portion of the furnace. Some dista-nce'vbeloi'v'tlie topofeachwvall 9 a crown sheet member' 12 isrprovided whichis integral With the wall 9. W'hen the .part-s Z and 8 are securedtogether the members 12` form the croivn slieetvG bet-Weenthe lire boxand theA heating chamber.ivhiohcrotvn sheet extends inone direct-ionfrom one Wall 9 to vthe other and inwardly from the front wall toaVpoint some distance from the ibvack'tvall, and forms the top of the rireboil. At the top ofthe Walls ll'of the parts and S, 'horizon-l tallydisposed portions 13 are provided, each ofivhich is integral with one ofthe walls ll; At their meeting edges, 4these portions are interlocked bymeans of projecting .portions lli engaging' each other, The wall l0 islocated below the crown sheet 6 and the upper edge thereof; togetheryWith the outer por-4 n tionof the crownsheetforms an opening 10 throughwhich fuel mayzbe passedintothe; irebor, suoli opening being providedwitha loa v separat-ion.

door of any suitable form which is hinged to a plate 16 in any preferredmanner. This plate 16 extends above the crown sheet 6 and adjacent theupper surface of this crown sheet is provided with an opening 17 intothe heating chamber, which opening is cont-rolledA by a door 18preferably hinged on the plate 16, such o ening being for the purpose ofremoving ust or other foreign matter from the top of the crown sheet 6.Below the wall 10 a plate 19 is provided having openings 20 and 21formed therein, which are controlled by doors 22and 23, respectively,the opening 2() being for the purpose of removing clinkers or the likefrom the grate bars 5, the front port-ionsof which are rotatably mountedin the plate 19 between the openings 2() and 21, and the door 23 beingfor the purpose of removing ashes from the ash pit. The plates 16 and 19serve to form part of the front wall of the bot-tom portion of thefurnace and are secured to the front portion of the walls 9, crown sheetmember 6 and wall 1() and thus serve to connect the. parcs 7 and 8against The walls 9, 10 and 11, crown sheet members 12 and horizontallydisposed portion 13 are provided with inner and outer walls which wallsare spaced apart to provide fluid heating and circulating spaces 9?.

The heating chamber is preferably located above thelire box 2 andcomprises a front wall 24 which is preferably secured to the plate 16,a. top wall 25 which at one end is connected with the front wall 24through the medium of a plate 26 and bolts or other securing means,aback wall 27 which come prises connected plates 28 and 29 and side walls29a. All of these walls are lined with asbestos 30 orany other suitableinsulating` medium. Within the heating chamber a. part of thecirculatory system is arranged which comprises a plurality of vertically`disposed tubular members 31 which are arranged in staggered relation,the lower end portions of each of which extends into openings formed inthe top of the portion 13 of the wall 11. Near the front'wall of theheating chamber a plurality of vertically disposed tubular members 32are provided which are also arranged in staggered' relation, the lowerends of these members being closed and Vthe upper ends o-pening into amanifold 33 arranged above the furnace and outside of I the heatingchamber which manifold opens into the pipes 34 which conduct the heatingfluid to the radiators, which are of any suitable type and located inany desiredvpositions. Extending between and opening into the members 31and 32 are tubular members 35 which may be of any suitable size andwhich slope upwardly from the members 3l to the members 32 thuspermitting the heated fluid which is contained therein to rise andflow'into the members 32 andthen into the heating system remote fromthe'furnace.

Within the heating chamber baffle plates 36 and 37 are provided whichtogether with the crown sheet form atortuous passageway, as

indicated by the arrows in Fig. 1 of the draw-V ings, for the heat andgases which rise from which extends into the hollowportion of one v ofthe walls 9 and the upper portion opens into and is connected with themanifold 3.3. Y

These members are for the purpose of conducting the fluid which hasbecome heated in the hollow walls of the bottom portion of the furnace,i. e., in the hollow wall portions forming the fire box 2, to themanifold 33, where t-he fluid mixes with the' fluid which comes from thetubular members in the heating chamber as hereinbefore described.

At each side of the furnace a tubular member 40 is also provided, thelower endportion of which extends into the lower portion of one ofthewalls 9, the upper portion being connected with the return pipe from theportion of the heating system remote, from the furnaceand is for thepurpose of conducting the cooled water into the lower'portion of thefurnace where it is reheated and again passes upwardly into the heatingsystem remote from the furnace.

The crown sheet 6 extends inwardly from the front of the furnace andterminates some distance short of the upperV portion of the Y y wall 11,and this crown sheet together with the upper portion of the wall 11Vform an opening 41` through which the flame, heat and gases are adaptedto pass into the heat ing chamber, such opening preferablyexten/dingacross the furnace from one of theL wallsv 9 to the other.

For the purpose of controlling the size of the opening' 41 a bodilymovable member 42 is provided, one side of which member is provided witha projection 43 which is Y movably mounted in a slot 44 formed in theside wall 9 of the part7, and atthe opposite side is provided'with ahollow member`45 which is slidably mounted'iny a slot 46 formed in theside wall 9 of the part 8. This member 42 is hollow and extends throughan opening 47 formed in the wall 11 and is disposed at an angle to suchwall and crown sheet 6. At its lower end this member 42 is provided withan opening in which the upper end of a flexible fluidv conducting memberv4S isse-` cured, the lower end of such member vL18-being secured in thewall 9 adjacent the lower end thereof. The member 45 is connected withthe upper portion of the wall 9 of the part El through the medium of aflexible connection lill) causedzto pass from the lower portion of thewall ll through the flexible connection 48 into the lower portion of themember 42, thus providing for acirculation of fluid which keeps themember 42 cool and prevents such member from warping. or bending, duetorintensive heat from the fire box to which it is subjected.

To advance the member 42` toward the crown sheet 6 andto retract it, inorder to vary the size of the opening 4l, a bodily mov'- able shaft 50is provided which has adjacent each end thereof a toothedfwheel 5l whichis adapted to interengage with atoothed rack 52 which is preferablyarranged'below the member 42 and is inclined upwardly and preferablyparallel with the member 42.' The under side of this member 42-isrprovided with teeth 5'3 which are also adaptedto interengage with thetoothed wheels 5l. To keep the teeth 53 on the member 42 in engagementwith the teeth of the wheels 51, rollers 54' are provided which areadapted to engage the upper surface of the member. For. the purpose ofrotating the shaft 50 a lever 55 is provided adjacent one end of theshaft, the

lower portion 56 of which is of segmental form. The sliaft50, wheels 5l,racks 52, and operating lever 5'5 are arranged back of the wall 1l andlbelow the horizontalr portion 13 of such wall, and is enclosed bytheback plate 29, there being az door 57 provided in the plate 29 which,when opened will lend easy aceessto themechanism which operates themember 42. For the purpose of rotating the shaft 50 a flexible member 58is'provided, one end of which is attached to the lever and for a portionof its length engages the seg'- mented portion 56 of the lever,ftl1eopposite end of such flexible member being connected with a lever 59which is operated vby a thermostatic valve 60 in thel manifold 33whichvalve may be of any suitable type.

The opening in the wall l'l through which the member 42 passes issomewhat larger than the thickness of the member 42 so that when thismember is mounted in the'slots 44 fand 46 and on the toothed wheels 51there is a clearl space between the member and the part of the wallforming the lower boundary of theopen'- ing 47. This space is providedfor thefpurpose of admitting air Vto the fire box abovethe fuel adjacentthe member 42. The air admitted through this opening mixesl inthe firebox with the gases rising from the-fuel andv forms a combustilblemixture which ignites and burns inside the lire box or as it enters theheating chamber, thus it will be seenthat duct.

are utilized to their fullest extentwith the rel sult that the fluid inthe circulating. system is heated yto a higher degree. fork a givenamount of fuel burned than has heretofore been pos'- sible. For thepurpose of conducting air to the opening' 47 a duet 6l is provided whichleads from the ash pit 3 to the opening, there being a. control' door 62between the ash pit andthe opening: whereby the flow of air to the firebox may be regulated. This door is pivotally mounted on a hollow member63 in the duct- 61', to move back and forth acros'sthe This door is soformed and mounted that it will always have a tendency to move lto itsopen position as illustrated in full lines iin Fig. 7. F or the purposeof operating this door a mechanism is provided which comprises a`sheave`64 or other suitable member which is mounted on the shaft 50 andis adapted to rotateand move bodily therewith. To connect this sheaveand the door 62 a flexiblev iember 65 is preferably provided, one endofwhich is attached toit-he sheave and the opposite end to a flange orlug66, on the door 62.

twill here be noted that as the shaft is rotated and the member 42advanced toward the outer end of which extends-outside ofthe fur- Y nacewhere it is convenient to operate, and the inner end is attached to thelug 66 on the door The air taken from the ash pit and conducted throughthe .duct- 61 will be hot so that as it enters the fire box it will benearer the temper--L ature of the gases rising from the fuel 'tba-n iffcoldair were conducted from outside of the furnace, thus rendering athorough mi'xti'n'e of vthe gases and air to form.' a. combustiblemixture. By leading hojtlair tolthe fire' boxthere is no coolingeffectof the-heating chainH ber 'aswould be the effect if cold air wereconducted into the lire box. Further, by the use and control of hot airthefniixture is rendered more combustible thus substantial'lyelimmat@ing smoke and consequent 'deposit of soot and tarry substance on thetubes of the circulating system in the heating chamber. Tt will here benoted that the heated air from lthe ashvpit is conducted to anddistributed at the most eff Yfective point, i. e., abovethe'fire andpreferably adjacent the .fire control member, thus insuring a `propersupply of air.I at all'times' for 'supporting eliicient,. economiealandsmokeless combustion above the fuel?.A

l fire box. rlhis member is shown having two channels formed in itsunderside but it is to be understoodthat anynumber of channels ofsuitable size and shape may be provided. l t is to be understood alsothat any means of admitting air to the lire box adjacent the eontrolmember is within the scope of the appended claims.

When it is desired to burn gas or oil in the furnace instead of coal,suitable burners, (not shown) are placed in the lire box which burnersmay be controlled by the usual valves 69 which valves are preferably ofthe .needle type, the iiow of gas being" controlled by a valve 70 whichis operated by the thermostat C() by means of the lever 59 connectedwith the thermostat, a. lever 7l connected with the valve 70 and theflexible connection 58 connected with both levers. lVhen is used insteadof coal the flexible connection 58 is disconnected from the lever belowthe lever 7l, thus rendering the fire control member Ll2 inoperative.`It will be noted that when gas is used the control member is not neededandthe opening is in wide open condition, nor is there any need ofairbeing admitted to the fire box through the opening li'for the gas andair is mixed in the usual mixers combined with the valves 69.

ldhen coal is used as a fuel in the furnace it is desirable that thecombustion be as complete as possible, and at the same time keep itunder control so. that the water in the Circulating system will be keptat substantially Van even predetermined temperature. Assuming that thewater in the system is cold, the control member l2 will be in its normalinoperative position as shown in full lines in Figs. l and (i andremains in this p-osition until the ten'iperature of the water israised, at which time the thermostat GO will cause the lever 59 to moveas indicated by the arrow A inl Fig. 4, thus causing the flexible member58, dus to its being mounted on the fixed pulleys 72, to move upwardly.This upwardmovement causes the operating lever and shaft L5() to rotatein the direction as indica-ted by the arrow B in Fig. l and as they arerotated the toothed wheels 5l which rotate with the shaft. will, byreason of their engagement with the teeth on the racls 52, be caused tomove bodily upwardly, and as the shaft is rotated as it is moved bodily,the toothed wheels, due to theirl engagement with the teeth 53 of themember 4:2, will Vcause such member to be advanced in a direction acrossthe opening 4l, that is to say, the member Zl2 will be moved to restrictthe opening` lll, thus having the elliect of damping the lire in thefire box. As the member 42 is moved in the direction as just be lessenedand at the same time the supply of air through the duct 6l will also belessened in properV proportion automatically and that the proper mixtureof air and gas is maintained at all times. Assuming now that the member42 has moved to its closed position as shown in dot and dash lines in Fig. l

and the lire has been dampened to Vsuch anV extent that the temperatureof the tluidin the heating system has dropped to a predetermined pointthe thermostat V60 willV cause the lever 59 to be moved in thedireetionopposite to that indicated by the arrow A in Fig. d, thus permitting theflexible meinber 58 to move downwardly'whieh permits the member 4t2 tomove by gravity toward its open position and as it moves inthisdirection it. will drive the shaft' 50 in adireetion opposite to thatindicated by the arrowl B in Fig. l which causes the flexible member tomove downwardly, and permits the door 62 to move by gravity toward itsopen position. t will be noted from the foregoing that the control oftheffurnace. entirely automatic. lt will further be noted that by'automatically operating` the member 4t2 and thereby controlling thesupply of air through the duct 61, the proper amount ofk heated air willbe permitted to enterthe fire box through this duct, "needed to insurethe iroper combustion above the fuel, thus the heat from the fire causesthe supply of air to be controlled in such a manner that no matter whatthe demand on the furnace is7 the supply of air will be just that.needed by the lire to support proper combustion. It will still furtherbe `noted that when coal is used as a fuel, the ash pit door is in opencondition all times, and the member@J which is caused to move by theheat from the lire will control the draft through the `furnace in such amann-er that the proper amount of air will be conducted through the ashpit door and through the fuel to support proper combustion. 4 y i vWhengas or oil is used as fuel the thermo stat will cause the lever 59 tomovel upwardly. or downwardly, which upward movement-y will cause thelever 7l 'to vmove upwardly causing the valve to shut the gas olf graftually, and downward moven'ient permitting;l the lever 7l to movedownwardly by gravity to turn the gas on. When gas or oil are used thevalves 69 are suitably adjusted and. to prevent the fuel frombeing'entirelyshut olf a by pass `7 3 is provided around Ythe valve 70,which by pass is provided with a regulate ing valve 74.

Lil)

It will be noted that as the parts of the` furnace forming the fire boxare hollow, thel temperature of the water within such parts will beraised considera-bly before it passes into the tubular members in theheating chamber' or into the manifold outside yof the furnace thusheating a maximum quantity of water by the burning of a minimum amountof fuel and will insure a maximum amount of water to circulate throughthe heating system.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this inventionappertains that changes may be made in the details and arrangement oftheparts forming the invention without departing from 'the spirit and scopeof the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and Adesire tosecure by Letters Patent is l. In a heating furnace, a firetbox, aheating chamber, an ash pit, a member movable between said box andchamber for controlling the draft through said furnace, means forautomatically moving said member and means automatically operated by thefirst mentioned means, for controlling and admitting air to said boxadjacent said member.

2. In a heating furnace, a fire box, a heating chamber, a member movablebetween said box and chamber, means for moving said member to controlthe draft through said furnace, means whereby air is admitted to saidfire box beneath and adjacent said member and means movable by the firstmentioned means for controlling the supply of air to said fire box assaid member is moved.

3. In a heating furnace, a movable control member, teeth on said member,a toothed rack belov7 said member, a rotatable and bodily movableoperating shaft between said rack and member, means on said shaftengaging the teeth on said rack and member for moving said member andshaft as said shaft is rotated, and means for automatically rotatingsaid shaft.

et. In a heating furnace, a fire box, an ash pit, a heating chambercommunicating with said box, a control vmember movable between said boxand chamber, means whereby air is conducted from said ash pit to saidfire box adjacent said member, and means for simultaneously operating`said member and controlling the supply of air to said fire box.

5. In a heating furnace, a. fire box, an ash pit, a heating chambercommunicating with said fire box, a control member movable between saidfire box and heating chamber, means for conducting air from said ash pitto said fire box adjacent said member, and means for controlling thesupply of air to said fire box, the last mentioned means being operatedsimultaneously with said member.

6. The combination with a heating furnace, of a re box, anda heatingchamber, walls forming the sides of said fire box and having waterheating chambers, a crown sheet forming the top of said box, said wallsand crown sheet forming a communicating opening between said box andchamber, a member for varying the effective size of said opening andhaving a water heating chamber, said member being mounted to movethrough an opening formed in one of said walls, means connesting thewater heating chamber of said member with the' water heating chambersformed by said walls and means for moving said member,

'7. In a heating system, a fluid heating furnace, comprising a pluralityof connected hollow members forming a fire box, a heating chamber abovesaid fire box, a crown sheet between said box and chamber, said membersand crown sheet forming an opening between said box and chamber, amember mounted to move through an opening formed in said ymembers indirectionsacross the first mentioned opening for varying the sizethereof, mechanism for operating said member, and means caused tooperate by the temperature of the fluid for causing said mechanism tooperate.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

FREDERICK J. FRENZ.

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